Avulsion fracture distal phalanx

Fractures affecting the distal phalanx generally result from a crush injury, such as getting your fingertip caught in a door, or dropping a heavy weight on it. Phalanx fractures can be intra- or extra-articular and can occur at the base, neck, shaft or head of the phalanx. They often result from direct trauma to the finger (e.g. during ball sports).

Crush injuries to the distal phalanx are also common, and can result in nail trauma and open fractures. FINGER DISTAL PHALANX FRACTURES including MALLET FINGER FRACTURE , FDP TENDON AVULSION FRACTURE and DIP JOINT VOLAR PLATE AVULSION FRACTURE. Fractures of the distal phalanx are the most common fractures that occur in the hand.

A distal phalanx fracture is a disruption of the mechanical integrity of the distal phalanx. Subsequently, a secondary intra-articular fracture at the base of the distal phalanx occurs as the distal portion of the middle phalanx is driven into the base of the distal phalanx. Avulsion of the flexor digitorum profundus with a separate intra-articular fracture of the distal phalanx has been proposed as a type injury. Common Finger Fractures and Dislocations. Distal phalanx fracture (tuft fracture ). It usually involves injury to the volar plate and may include a volar plate avulsion fracture.

The proximal phalanx is the toe bone that is closest to the metatarsals. Because it is the longest of the toe bones, it is the most likely to fracture.

There is a history of a sudden resisted flexion of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint, such as when the finger tip is struck by a ball or jammed against a stationary object, resulting in pain and tenderness over the dorsum of the base of the distal phalanx. Phalanx Phalangeal fracture Treatment Hand fracture KEY POINTS Fractures involving the tubular bones of the hand are the most common skeletal injuries. The primary goals of phalangeal fracture treatment are to restore anatomy and preserve function.

They are frequently related to sports, with lesions such as the mallet finger and the Jersey finger. This pattern, considered a Type V FDP avulsion , would have unique treatment considerations given possible difficulty in achieving fixation of the multiple fracture. The distal phalanx is the most commonly fractured bone in the hand.

Fractures to the distal phalanx may result in one of three forms: longitudinal, transverse, and comminuted (Figure 18). These fracture patterns may reside either at the articular, middle, or distal aspect. Especially injuries involving the thumb, index and middle fingers. Then he consulted with an orthopedic surgeon with an X-ray film of the affected site which revealed avulsion fracture of distal phalanx due to pulling of extensor hallucis longus (EHL) tendon but no mallet deformity (Figs.

2). As the fracture involved the distal phalanx , it was difficult to stabilize with plaster. Avulsion injury of the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) with concomitant fracture of the distal phalanx dorsal base is uncommon. Simultaneous avulsion fractures of the insertion of this tendon associated with rupture of the tendon from the bony fragment and combination with dorsal base fracture is. Broken toe or toe fracture may involve big toe and other small toes.

The fracture of proximal phalanx is most painful than middle and distal phalangeal fracture. Hairline and non-displaced toe fracture heals with no complications or deformity. Toe movements are restricted after conservative or surgical treatment using braces or cast.

Tuft fractures are the most common type of distal phalanx fracture in children.

Two-thirds of phalangeal fractures occur in males. Seymour fractures, displaced juxta-epiphyseal fractures of the distal phalanx with associated nailbed injury, occur in children and have been reported to have relatively high complication rates. Physicians usually can reduce metacarpal bone fractures, even if there is a. Tendon avulsion injuries of the distal phalanx.

Tuttle HG(1), Olvey SP, Stern PJ. Author information: (1)Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. Mallet injuries are the result of incompetence of the terminal tendon.

Treatment is closed reduction and splinting unless volar plate entrapment blocks reduction or a combined fracture renders the joint unstable.